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(M0del.)

G. S. BOSWORTH.

Boiler Furnace.

Patented Oct. 12,1880.

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BOlLER-FU RNACE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 233,194, dated October12, 1880.

Application filed September 18,1880. (ModeL) To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, GEORGE S. BosvvoR'r-H, of Troy, county ofRensselaer, and State of New York, have invented certain new and usefulImprovements in Boiler-Furnaces, of which the following is a full,clear, and exact description, reference being had to theaccompanyingdrawings, and to the letters of reference marked thereon.

Figure 1 is a vertical axial section of a boiler furnace constructedandarranged in accordance with my improvements, showing so much of theimproved device as is necessary to (ma ble one to understand theprinciples of operation and general nature of the invention. Fig. 2 is ahorizontal section upon a plane passing through line 00 a: of Fig. 1.Fig. 3 is an axial section similar to Fig. 1, but showing a modifiedmeans of suspending the grate, all within the scope of my invention.Figs. 4 and 5 are respectively a partial section and an end viewillustrating a modified means of introducing the feed-air, which meansare similar in principle to those indicated in the preceding figures,but differ only in mechanical arrangement.

Like letters of reference wherever they occur indicate like parts in allthe figures.

My invention has relation to all manner and classes of boilers orboiler-furnaces used in the generation of steam; and it has for itsobject a simple, complete, and economical construction, whereby all theadvantages of the Water-grate are combined with those of a downdraft orbase-burning furnace, with simple arrangements for checking, regulating,and controlling or reversing the draft at the will of the operator, thuseffecting a considerable saving in the consumption of fuel and a morerapid, thorough, and economical generation of steam than in any of theconstructions heretofore known and used.

To accomplish all of this the invention involves certain new and usefulcombinations or arrangements of parts and peculiarities of construction,all of which will be hereinafter first fully explained, and then pointedout in the claims.

\ Although the invention is applicable to all classes ofboiler-furnaces, the locomotive-boiler alone has been selected for theillustration of the principles thereof, since from this class to theothers only an ordinary degree of mechanical skill is required to makethe changes.

A represents the tubular water-grates,which, as in Figs. 1 and 2, areseen to be in communication with the water-leg B in front, beingsupported by the interior wall of such waterleg, and being suspended attheir rear by the tubes 0 G, which communicate with the waterspace abovethecroWn-sheet.

Of course the several tubes A are connected at their rear ends by across-tube, D, or equivalent connection, so that the circulation throughthe grate will be complete and unimpeded. Under this arrangement thesuspending-tubes O O are located in the corners of the fire-box and wellout of the way.

Instead of using the water-leg B in front as a means of supporting oneend of the watergrate, this leg may be omitted and the grate suspendedby four corner-tubes, as indicated at O and G in Fig. 3, the severaltubes being in proper communication through means substantially such asreferred to in connection with Figs. 1 and 2; or both the front and rearwater-legs may be employed as supports for the grate-tubes. In fact, anypreferred form of water-grate may be employed, since such grates arewell known; but the construction and arrangement should be such as tofacilitate the application thereto of the several features necessary tosecure the beneficial results of my' improved combinations.

As before intimated, the feed-air is to be admitted above the fuel andcompelled to pass down through it, (when the fire is to be bestmaintained,) thus constituting a downdraft or base-burning furnace.

The combustion-chamber F below the grate is made of ample capacity toafford room for the expansion of the generated gases, and thedraft-passage G communicates with the boilerflues, being provided with asuitable form of damper, so that it may be entirely opened or closed orregulated in size at pleasure. I find it convenient to so arrange damperE that it will also govern the exit-opening I, located over the positionof the bed of coals or fuel upon the grate A. This passage 1communicates with the boiler-fines, and serves as a means of permittinga current of air to pass directly over the burning fuel, whereby thefire may be properly dampered or banked.

As in Figs. 1 and 2, the feed-air is admitted to the fire-box through apair of airtlues, K K, extending up on each side of the fuel-door L andopening into the box at about the same level as said door.

Such being the general construction and arrangement, in order to startthe fire the fuel is first placed on the water-grates A and the kindlingon the top. The opening I is obstructed by damper H and passage Gallowed to remain open. The tire is lighted, fueldoor L closed, and airpermitted to enter through the fiues provided for it. The draft then isdown through the fuel and grates A into combustion-chamber F, up throughpassage G, and out through the boiler-tiues.

The highly-heated fuel in contact with the water-grate and the expansionof the burning gases against the water-legs and against the water bottomM contribute largely to the rapid initial evaporation of the watercontained, and afterward in their outward passage these gases give uptheir heat to the surrounding parts ot'the boiler with all the facilityas in furnaces of the ordinary direct or upward draft patterns.

To reverse the draft it is only necessary to close passage G, openpassage I, and admit air under the grate, which may be done byemployment ofany convenient arrangement such, for instance, as theash-door with corresponding opening X.

To damper the tire, open fuel-door L and passage I, closing theremaining air-openings. This will permit a current of cold air directlyacross the top of the firebox.

The water-bottom M is in nowise essential to the construction of myimproved boiler, though its use in some classes is deemed of advantage.The fines K K should be provided with suitable dampers, (not shown,) sothat the incoming feed-air may be regulated in accordance withrequirements of circumstances.

One considerable advantage in the employment of the downdraft is thatwhen the fuel is being passed in through door L the air which findsadmission serves to augment the volume of feed-air and does notinterfere with the intensity of the fire, as is the case in alldirect-draft furnaces.

Under my improved arrangement, instead of using the flues K K, thefeed-air might be admitted at the sides or end of the furnace throughsuitable tubes k 7:, as shown in Figs. 4 and 5, these tubes in all casesopening into the fire-box at a point above the mass of fuel upon thegrate, and being properly dampered, so as to be under control of theoperator.

Within the passage G, I extend the waterleg 0, which is there in properposition to be impinged upon by the burning gases at their highesttemperature, thus contributing considerable toward the steam-generatingqualities of the furnace. This leg also serves as a means of contractingthe passage G, and as a convenient seat for damper H in its lowermostposition.

The general arrangement and construction above explained are found inpractice to atford excellent results. It is simple, cheap, efi'ective,and fulfills all the purposes and objects of the invention, aspreviously stated.

Having thus fully described my invention, what 1 claim as new, anddesire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. The combination of the water-grate A, feed-air conduits K K, or theirspecified eq uivalents, located on opposite sides of the fueldoor, andcombustion-chamber F, and dampered passage G, leading to theboiler-fines, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

2. In a boiler-furnace having provision for both an upward and adownward draft, either or both of which are under control of theoperator, and having an enlarged combustionchamber beneath the grate,the water-grate A, composed of tubes in communication with theWater-space in the boiler, substantially as as shown and described.

3. In a base-burning or downdraft boilerfurnace, the water-grate A,suspended at one end by the wall of the water-leg and at the other by across-tube which connects with all the hollow grate-bars, and a pair ofvertical tubes communicating with the water-space above the crown-sheet,substantially as set forth.

4. In a base-burning or downdraft boilerfurnace, the combination of thefront waterleg, the tubular water-grate supported at one end by theinner wall of said leg, the corner suspending-tubes passing through thecrownshcet, the enlarged combustion-chamber 1*, passage G, damper H,opening I above the fuel on the grate, and the air-inlet passages, allconstructed and arranged to operate substantially in the manner shownand described.

5. In a downdraft-furnace provided with a water-grate in communicationwith the waterspace in the boiler, the opening I and passage G, havingcommon damper H, by means of which either can be opened or closed orregulated in size, substantially as shown and described.

6. The combination of grate A, air-conducting fines K K, or theirspecified equivalents, combustion-chamber F,water-bottom M, damperedaperture N, passage G, opening I, and

common damper H, the whole being construct-- ed and arranged to operatesubstantially in In testimony that I claim the foregoing 1 10 the mannerand for the purposes set forth. have hereunto set my hand in thepresence of 7. In a boiler-furnace provided with means two witnesses.for producing an upward or a downward draft at pleasure, the water-leg0, located in passage GEORGE S. BOSWORTH. G, and serving to contractsaid passage as Well as to form a convenient seat for the draft-con-Witnesses:

trolling damper when turned down upon it, ANDREW CUNNINGHAM,substantially as shown and described. E. W. GREENMAN.

